◆釧路湿原の豊かさを物語る動植物たち
The abundant plant and wildlife of Kushiro Wetland reveal its natural richness.
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釧路湿原の周辺には、植物が約600種・ほ乳類26種・両生類4種・は虫類5種・魚類35種・鳥類170種・昆虫は確認されたものだけでも1,150種の生物が生息しています。その中には、絶滅の危機にある生物も含まれています。マナーを十分に守って観察してください。
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Although it appears to be merely a barren field surrounded by hills, the Marsh is actually rich in animal and plantlife. Within the Wetland, there are 600 kinds of plants and flowers, 26 kinds of mammals, 4 kinds of amphibians, 5 kinds of reptiles, 170 kinds of birds, 35 kinds of fish and over 1,150 different kinds of insects. Many rare species of plants and animals inhabit the Wetland and some of these are endangered species, so please observe them with respect.
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| Birds |
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タンチョウ
羽を広げると2ｍ〜2.4ｍもの大きさがあり、我が国で最大級の鳥です。道東地区に1,000羽程度生息しています。3月〜4月に繁殖期をむかえます。冬期間には、鶴居村の鶴見台や鶴居・伊藤タンチョウサンクチュアリなどで、姿を見ることができます。
Red-crowned Crane.（better known as the Tancho Crane）
This Crane is one of the largest birds in Japan. It has an incredible wingspan
of 2m-2.4m. Approximately 1,000 cranes inhabit eastern Hokkaido. Their
breeding season is during March and April. In winter their graceful figures
can often be seen at Tsurumidai or at the Tsurui Ito Tancho Sanctuary. |
アオサギ
3月下旬に釧路湿原へ渡ってきます。その姿は、湿原や周辺の水辺に9月頃まで見ることができます。塘路湖畔や釧路市動物園などにコロニー（営巣地）があります。
Grey Heron.
These magnificent birds migrate to Kushiro Wetland at the end of March,
and they can be found around lakes and rivers until September. Grey Heron
colonies can be seen near Kushiro City zoo and around Lake Toro.
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シマフクロウ
フクロウ類では日本最大で、北海道に100羽程度しか生息していません。環境省では国内希少野生動植物種に指定し、保護増殖事業を行っています。
Blakiston's Fish Owl.
This is the largest owl in Japan. Since there are only about 100 to be
found in Hokkaido, they have been designated as an endangered species by
the Environmental Agency. As a result, a breeding and protection project
has been started to increase the population of this owl. |
| Plants |
クシロハナシノブ
氷河期の遺存種。高さが40cm〜80cmの多年草で、6〜7月に紫色の花をつけ、鶴居軌道敷跡を散策すると見ることができます。
Marsh Jacob's Ladder
This flower has existed in the Wetland since the Ice Age. It is a purple-flowered perennial which blooms in June and July. They can be seen around the Tsurui disused railroad. |
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ツルコケモモ
温根内の木道などの高層湿原で見られるツルコケモモは、ツツジ科の常緑小低木。葉は小さく、6月〜7月に淡紅色の小さな花をつけ、秋には赤い実をつけます。
Small Bog Cranberry
These are found in bog areas of the Wetland especially along the Onnenai
boardwalk. They belong to the Heath family. They are low lying evergreens
with small leaves. In June and July they have small fuchsia flowers and
in autumn they produce small red berries. |
ヤチボウズ
スゲ類が繁茂し株をつくり、それが地面の凍結で隆起し、流水などでえぐられてできるのではないかといわれています。各市町村の木道などあちこちでその姿を見ることができます。
Tussuck Grass (Yachibousu)
This is a sedge which forms a ball shaped tussuck over many years. It is
believed that its circular formation is a result of fluctuating seasonal
water levels. These can be seen along the boardwalks. |
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| Mammals |
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キタキツネ
大きさは50cm〜75cmで、尾の長さが30cm〜40cm。本来は非常に用心深い動物ですが、湿原周辺ではかなり目にすることができます。自然のバランスを崩すことになりますので決してエサを与えないで下さい。
Red Fox
This fox is approximately 50-75 cm in size, with a tail length of 30-40 cm. They are basically a cautious animal but many of them can be seen around the Wetland. Please don't feed them as it could result in an imbalance of the natural ecosystem. |
エゾシカ
森林と草原の境界に多く生息し、メスや若いシカは群をつくります。オスはあまり群を作りません。冬から春にかけては道路沿いにまで、姿を現します。交通事故に注意して下さい。
Sika Deer
These deer inhabit forests and meadows, and can frequently be seen around the edges of the forests . The females and young deer form herds but the male deer remain independent . During winter and spring they often come close to the roads, so be careful when driving. |
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シマリス
エゾシマリスともよばれ、細岡や温根内の木道などで4月〜10月くらいまで見ることができます。その他の冬の期間は巣で冬眠をします。
Asiatic Chipmunk
Better known as Ezo-Shimarisu, they are often seen around the Hosooka and
Onnenai boardwalks from April to October. During the winter they hibernate
in their nests. |
| Others |
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キタサンショウウオ
氷河期の遺存種。日本では釧路湿原周辺にのみ生息しています。体長が8cm〜12cmで親の姿を見ることは出来ませんが、5月ころ湿原の水たまりなどで青白い蛍光色の卵塊を見かけます。
Siberian Salamander
These salamanders have been present around Kushiro Wetland since the Ice
Age, and this is the only place they can be found in Japan. Their body
length is 8cm-12cm. They are usually difficult to see, but in May their
blue fluorescent eggs can be seen in shallow water. |
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イイジマルリボシヤンマ
釧路湿原は、トンボの宝庫となっています。中でも氷河期の遺存種であるイイジマルリボシヤンマは、トンボ目ヤンマ科の昆虫で、7月から10月上旬まで塘路湖周辺などで成虫を見ることが出来ます。
Aeschana Subarctica
Kushiro Wetland is frequently called the "dragonfly treasure box". Aeschana Subarctica's presence in the Wetland dates back to the lce Age. It belongs to the Large Dragonfly family. They can be seen in their adult stage around Lake Toro, from July to early October. |
イトウ
サケ科の魚で、大きいものは1mにも達し、時にはネズミやカエルなども捕食します。しかし、現在はその数が非常に少なくなりました。
Japanese Huchen
This fish belongs to the Fresh Water Salmon family. It can grow to almost
one meter in length. Sometimes they feed on rats and frogs. Recently, the
number of Huchen has drastically declined. |
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